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The Esoteric Wisdom of Pythagoras: Numerology, Reincarnation, and Cosmic Harmony

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While Mnesarchus, the father of Pythagoras, was in the city of Delphi on matters pertaining to his business as a merchant, he and his wife, Parthenis, decided to consult the oracle of Delphi as to whether the Fates were favorable for their return voyage to Syria. When the Pythoness (prophetess of Apollo) seated herself on the golden tripod over the yawning vent of the oracle, she did not answer the question they had asked, but told Mnesarchus that his wife was then with child and would give birth to a son who was destined to surpass all men in beauty and wisdom, and who throughout the course of his life would contribute much to the benefit of mankind. Mnesarchus was so deeply impressed by the prophecy that he changed his wife's name to Pythasis, in honor of the Pythian priestess. When the child was born at Sidon in Phœnicia, it was--as the oracle had said--a son. Mnesarchus and Pythasis named the child Pythagoras, for they believed that he had been predestined by the oracle.   Many...

Crown, Conquest, and Christendom: The Enduring Legacy of Charlemagne

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The name of Charlemagne is one that will ring familiar to many, a name that has been invoked by many powers in the centuries since he reigned, from the Holy Roman Empire to Nazi Germany. We all know that Charlemagne was some great king of France. What many don’t realize is that Charlemagne was the king of France before the name of France even existed.   Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, was a medieval emperor who ruled much of Western Europe from 768 to 814. Born in 747, he was the son of Pepin the Short, King of the Franks, and Bertrada of Laon.  The exact location of his birth is uncertain, but it was likely in modern-day Belgium or Germany. His early life is not well documented, but it is known that he was groomed for leadership from a young age. Charlemagne is best known for uniting most of Western Europe for the first time since the Roman Empire and laying the foundations for modern France and Germany. In 751, Charlemagne's father, Pepin, deposed the last Mero...

Mohenjo Daro: The Marvel of the Ancient Indus Valley Civilization

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The Indus Valley civilization was lost even at the time of Alexander the Great. When his emissary Aristoboulos visited the area in 326 bc, he found 'an abandoned country, with more than a thousand towns and villages deserted after the Indus had changed its course'. It was not mentioned again in historical records for over 2000 years. However, Mohenjo Daro, one of the most significant archaeological sites of the ancient world, lies in the modern-day province of Sindh, Pakistan. This city, whose name translates to "Mound of the Dead" in Sindhi, is emblematic of the sophisticated urban planning and cultural richness of the Indus Valley Civilization, which thrived from around 2600 to 1900 BCE. Mohenjo Daro was first brought into the light of modern archaeology by Sir John Marshall in the 1920s, following earlier explorations by R. D. Banerji. The site, once buried under layers of alluvial soil, revealed a grid-like pattern of streets, indicating a well-structured urban pl...

Who Were the Visigoths? A Journey Through Their History

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The history of the Visigoths is a rich and complex narrative that spans several centuries and involves significant interactions with the Roman Empire, the formation of a kingdom in Hispania, and their eventual decline. The Visigoths were part of the larger Gothic group, which was originally from the region around the Black Sea. The Goths are divided into two main branches: the Visigoths (Western Goths) and the Ostrogoths (Eastern Goths). In the 3rd century CE, the Visigoths began migrating westward from their homeland, driven by pressures from the Huns and other barbarian groups. They entered the Roman Empire's territory, initially as foederati (allied peoples) but soon came into conflict with Roman authorities. One of the most significant early conflicts involving the Visigoths was the Battle of Adrianople (378 CE). In this battle, the Visigoths, led by King Fritigern, defeated the Roman Emperor Valens. This victory exposed the vulnerability of the Roman Empire and highlighted the...